Laboratory investigation of ion-molecule reactions of HC3N in dense interstellar clouds

Chlorine in Dense Interstellar Clouds: the Abundance

We report the first detection of a chlorine-bearing molecular species in the interstellar medium via emission from the J = 1----> 0 transition of HCl at 625.9 GHz toward OMC-1. The relative strengths, widths, and velocities of the resolved hyperfine components are consistent with moderate optical depth emission originating from dense, quiescent molecular cloud material (VLsR = 9 km s1). The ove...

Elemental nitrogen partitioning in dense interstellar clouds.

Many chemical models of dense interstellar clouds predict that the majority of gas-phase elemental nitrogen should be present as N(2), with an abundance approximately five orders of magnitude less than that of hydrogen. As a homonuclear diatomic molecule, N(2) is difficult to detect spectroscopically through infrared or millimeter-wavelength transitions. Therefore, its abundance is often inferr...

The Chemistry of Transient Dense Cores in Interstellar Clouds

investigation of (meta)discourse markers in elt coursebooks

the present study aimed to investigate representation of discourse markers and metadiscourse markers in conversations and readings of general elt coursebook series used in the language centers of iran. to this aim, four elt coursebooks popularly taught in language centers of this country were analyzed based on fung and carter’s (2007) framework regarding discourse markers and hyland’s (2005) fr...

the investigation of research articles in applied linguistics: convergence and divergence in iranian elt context

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